Prompting

---

A prompt is a cue or assistance given to help a learner perform a desired behavior or skill. Prompts can be echoic or verbal, physical, visual, or gestural and are used to increase the likelihood of a correct response. They are gradually faded out as the learner becomes more independent in performing the behavior.

Verbal prompts are spoken instructions or cues that guide a child to perform a specific behavior or task. They can range from direct commands to more subtle hints or reminders.

Example: Teaching a child to say "please" when asking for something.

1. Direct Prompt: The child asks for a toy, and the adult says, "Say 'please.'"

2. Indirect Prompt: The child asks for a toy, and the adult responds, "What's the magic word?"

3. Partial Verbal Prompt: The child starts to ask for a toy, and the adult prompts with, "Can I have the toy, p...?"

In each case, the verbal prompt helps the child understand what is expected and encourages the use of polite language.

Physical prompts involve using touch or guidance to help a child perform a specific behavior or task. They provide a hands-on approach to assist the child in completing an action correctly.

Example: Teaching a child to wash their hands.

1. Hand-over-Hand Prompt: The adult places their hands over the child's hands and guides them through the motions of turning on the tap, applying soap, and scrubbing their hands.

2. Guided Prompt: The adult gently touches the child's elbow to guide them toward the soap dispenser or faucet.

Physical prompts are gradually reduced as the child becomes more independent in performing the task.

Gestural prompts involve using nonverbal cues or gestures to guide a child in performing a specific behavior or task. These prompts can include pointing, nodding, or using hand signals to direct the child's attention or actions.

Example: Teaching a child to put away toys.

1. Pointing: The adult points to the toy bin to indicate where the toys should be placed.

2. Hand Motion: The adult uses a sweeping hand motion to signal the child to move the toys into the bin.

Gestural prompts are visual cues that help the child understand what is expected without using words or physical touch.