Phase I PECs
Phase I of PECs training is about teaching the child the foundational skill of exchanging a picture to communicate a request. This process involves a communicative partner and a helper, working together to guide the child through each step.
Pick a Reinforcer
Prompt the Exchange
Pick a Reinforcer
Begin by identifying an item your child finds highly motivating, such as a favorite snack, toy, or activity. The chosen item should be something the child genuinely wants to engage with, as this ensures their participation is naturally rewarding.
Set up the Scene
Prompt the Exchange
Pick a Reinforcer
Position the PECs book directly in front of the child, with the picture of the reinforcing item placed prominently on the cover. Place the desired item just beyond the book, within sight but out of reach. This setup encourages the child to interact with the PECs book as part of the communication process.
Prompt the Exchange
Prompt the Exchange
Prompt the Exchange
When the child reaches for the desired item, the helper, positioned behind or beside the child, guides their hand to:
1. Reach for the picture.
2. Grab the picture from the book.
3. Release the picture into the communicative partner’s open hand.
As soon as the picture is exchanged, the communicative partner immediately delivers the item to the child, paired with enthusiastic praise (e.g., “Great job!”) and allows at least one minute of play with the item.
Gradually Fade Assistance
Over repeated practice sessions, the helper systematically reduces their support. This allows the child to take more independent steps:
• First Fade: Reduce assistance with the reach, focusing on guiding the grab and release.
• Second Fade: Reduce assistance with the grab, only supporting the release.
• Final Fade: Gradually eliminate assistance with the release, allowing the child to complete the entire exchange independently.
The goal is to fully fade the helper’s involvement, enabling the child to initiate and complete the exchange entirely on their own.
Consistency and Patience are Key
This process should be repeated frequently with consistent reinforcement and patience. Each successful exchange strengthens the child’s understanding of the communication process and builds the foundation for more advanced PECs phases. By following these steps, you are setting the stage for your child to learn how to communicate effectively through picture exchanges, opening the door to further language development.
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